Gas Production Engineering

Description

The rapidly increasing worldwide demand for natural gas as an energy source requires expertise in gas engineering technology. Incorporating a balance between theory and application, course emphasis is on training participants for immediate application of acquired techniques to field problems.

Learn the latest methods for calculating gas well performance from reservoir to sales. Reservoir performance covers the fundamentals of reservoir gas flow and details the best methods for testing wells, according to the time and money available. The importance of flow regime and non-Darcy flow on test design and interpretation is emphasized for new wells and for the possibility of improving the performance of older wells. Also discussed are performances of tight formations, horizontal wells, fractured wells, and methods for estimating gas reserves. Calculate and determine the effect of each system component on total well performance, which permits optimum sizing of tubing, flowlines, separators, and compressors.

Formation damage, gas well dewatering, hydrate formation, water influx, and abnormal reservoir pressure problems are reviewed. Relate reservoir and well performance to time, as well as calculate cash flow and compression requirements. Discuss the best procedures to predict when liquid loading will make a well nonproductive. Field gas processing, including dehydration and condensate recovery, is briefly reviewed. Gas production is emphasized, although an overview of field gas processing is presented

Objectives

By the end of this course, participants will learn how to:

• Apply proven techniques to field problems which increase profitability
• Calculating gas well performance, from the reservoir to the sales line
• Optimize gas well production
• Relate reservoir and well performance to time
• Predict when a well will die due to liquid loading

Target Audience

Production, reservoir, and facilities engineers and others involved in gas production, transportation, and storage including field supervisors

Production Operations Outline

The course covers the following topics:

• Gas properties Real gas behavior equations of state, impurities, mixtures, phase behavior dew point, retrograde behavior, flash calculations, classifying gas reservoirs
• Reservoir performance Gas well testing flow after flow, isochronal, stabilized inflow performance, turbulence and skin effects, perforation effects, tight well analysis, horizontal wells, hydraulically fractured wells
• Reserve calculations plots, energy plots, water influx, abnormal pressure effects, diagnostic testing based on production data
• Flow in pipes and restrictions Pressure loss tubing, flowlines, chokes, safety valves, effects of liquids-liquid loading, liquid removal methods, multiphase flow correlations, erosional velocity
• Compression Types of compressors, compressor selection reciprocating and centrifugal, effects of variables, capacity, and horsepower
• Total system analysis Tubing and flowline size effects, perforating effects, relating deliverability to time, evaluating compressor installations, analyzing injection wells
• Flow measuring Orifice metering design, accuracy, troubleshooting, other metering methods
• Condensate reservoir types wet gas, retrograde, reserve estimates, laboratory simulation, gas cycling
• Field operations problems Interpreting P/Z plots, hydrate formation