Fundamentals of Mechanical Engineering

Introduction

Process engineering is at the heart of much of the chemical, oil, gas, and petrochemical industries. It requires familiarity not only with chemical engineering principles, but also with many of the other engineering disciplines including electrical and instrumentation, but especially mechanical.

The process engineer is interested in the transportation and transformation of solids, liquids, and gases. Of specific importance are separation processes including distillation, heat transfer, hydraulics, and fluid flow, reaction engineering, but also process control and economics.

The mechanical engineer is interested in safe containment and movement of solids, liquids, and gases, often at high temperature and pressure. Of specific importance are failure modes such as fracture, fatigue and creep, corrosion and corrosion minimization, material properties, design standards, static and rotating equipment design, inspection, and repair as well as an understanding of maintenance strategies and condition monitoring. Sound mechanical engineering principles, together with other engineering techniques including inspection, monitoring, and condition evaluation, enable the mechanical engineer to design and maintain the equipment required by the process engineers.

Objectives

By the end of this course, participants will be able to

-       Develop both fundamental and practical understanding of central issues in processes used in oil, gas, petrochemical, chemical, and allied facilities together with a practical understanding of central issues in mechanical engineering as applied in those industries.

-       Understand the various static and rotating equipment used in the petrochemical environment.

-       Apply different maintenance strategies and philosophies.

-       easily identify and assess active degradation of mechanisms and the failures they may cause

-       Enhance their competencies in the Mechanical design of pressure equipment and piping systems in compliance with applicable codes, standards, and regulations.

Target Audience

All Technical and nontechnical personnel in the chemical, petrochemical, oil, and process and mechanical industries, petroleum engineers, production engineers, maintenance and project engineers, trainee mechanical engineers, trainee process engineers, RandD chemists, plant chemists, plant operators, and economists.

Mechanical Engineering Outline

The course covers the following topics:

Introduction and Fundamentals

• Engineering Material Properties

• • Stress and Strain
  • Fracture failure, Modes,
  • Stress concentration,
  • Fracture toughness
  • Fatigue failure, testing, and mechanism
  • Temperature Considerations and Creep Failure
  • Identification of Damage Mechanisms
• Mechanical Design
  • Codes and Standards
  • Design for static strength

Materials Selection and Inspection

• Materials Selection

• • Materials of Construction
  • Carbon Steels
  • Alloy Steels
  • Stainless Steels
  • Nickel Based and Titanium Alloys
• Inspection techniques
  • Visual
  • Penetrant
  • Magnetic Flux
  • Eddy Current Inspections
  • X-ray and Gamma-ray
  • Ultrasonic TOFD and Pulse Echo

Valves, Piping and Fitness for Service

• Valves

• • Valve Types
  • Valve Characteristics
  • Valve Applications
  • Valve Selection
  • Valve Actuators
  • Piping and Pipelines
• Pipe Types, construction, and Schedules
  • Steel Pipes
  • Welded Types and Sections
  • Flanges and Gaskets
  • Plastic Pipes, Composite Pipes
  • Pipe Coatings and Linings
  • Pipe Supports and insulation blocks
  • Stress relief in Piping Design
  • Pigging
  • Water hammer
  • Inspection and repair of Pipelines and Piping

• Fitness for Service

Corrosion

• Corrosion Fundamentals
• Types of Corrosion
• Corrosion Inspection and Monitoring
• Corrosion Minimization
• Coatings
• Inhibitors
• Cathodic Protection

Compressors

• Types of Compressors Reciprocating, Centrifugal, and Screw
• Blading and Staging
• Performance Curves
• Compressed Air Usage and instruments
• Glands and Mechanical Seals

Mechanical Maintenance

• Strategies and Philosophies

• • Maintenance system optimization
  • Maintenance Management Systems
• Condition Monitoring
  • Vibration Analysis
  • Shaft Alignment
  • Practical Examples